Call Options vs Put Options: What's the Difference?

Master the fundamental difference between calls and puts—the two building blocks of all options strategies.

11 min read · Updated 2025-01-21

Calls and Puts

are the two types of options. Calls give you the right to buy stock; puts give you the right to sell stock. Calls profit when stocks rise; puts profit when stocks fall.

Every options strategy is built from combinations of calls, puts, and stock. Understanding these two building blocks unlocks all options trading.

Quick answer

CALL = right to BUY (bullish). PUT = right to SELL (bearish). Buy calls when expecting price increase. Buy puts when expecting decrease or for protection. Both cost premium and can expire worthless.

Call Options

A call option gives you the right to BUY 100 shares at the strike price before expiration.

When to buy calls: You're bullish—you expect the stock to rise above the strike price plus the premium you paid.

Example: Stock at $100. Buy $105 call for $2. Breakeven = $107. If stock goes to $120, option worth $15. Profit = $13 per share ($1,300 per contract).

Max Loss: Premium paid ($200)

Max Gain: Unlimited (stock can rise infinitely)

Put Options

A put option gives you the right to SELL 100 shares at the strike price before expiration.

When to buy puts: You're bearish—you expect the stock to fall below the strike price minus premium. Or you want insurance on stock you own.

Example: Stock at $100. Buy $95 put for $2. Breakeven = $93. If stock drops to $80, option worth $15. Profit = $13 per share ($1,300).

Max Loss: Premium paid ($200)

Max Gain: Strike price minus premium (stock can only go to $0)

Side-by-Side Comparison

FeatureCall OptionPut Option
Right toBUY stockSELL stock
Market viewBullishBearish
Profits whenStock risesStock falls
Max profitUnlimitedStrike - Premium
Max lossPremium paidPremium paid

Key Takeaways

  • Calls = right to buy = bullish bet
  • Puts = right to sell = bearish bet or insurance
  • Both have limited risk when buying (premium paid)
  • Calls have unlimited profit potential; puts limited by stock going to $0

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